Based on the literature review of environmental anti-pollution researches, this paper analyzes the administrative mechanism of Huaihe River anti-pollution with game theo ry. Based on the quantitative analysis on three corresponding game models with four players including local residents, enterprises, local governments and competent authorities at higher levels, this paper demonstrates four main shortcomings of current administrative mechanism of Huaihe River anti-pollution system, including low emission cost, low connivance cost, overemphasis on heavy, fine of the enterprises,neglect of the punishment on the local departments and intersected administrative mechanism. This paper sets up antipollution administrative mechanism, combining economic method with noneconomic method, government control with market mechanism, and introducing public participation. At last, this paper proposes policies, such as implementing emissions trading system, reforming public participation system, and reforming government's environmental protection mechanism to promote law enforcement.