The traditional geothermal energy exploitation way of pumping and injection has many restrictions in recent years due to the problem of injection. And some places have even issued a unified management policy of “well shut off”. Mid-deep geothermal downhole heat exchange can extract heat with no pumping water and high heat extraction rate, which cannot be limited by geothermal resource. Therefore, it is critical to optimize the design of this system to obtain the maximum heat extraction rate while effectively avoid the heat loss between the hot and cold fluids. Currently, there were substantial related authorized patents in China. The latest mid-deep geothermal energy patents in China were reviewed and summarized in this paper. They were classified in terms of the application area, date, applicant and so forth. The results can provide a theoretical guidance for promoting the development and utilization of mid-deep geothermal energy in China. They also can help the practical application of the mid-deep downhole heat exchange system as well as the healthy development of this market.