为综合评价保山市植烟土壤肥力的适宜性,在各植烟县选取有代表性的土壤样品497个,以土壤pH和有机质、碱解氮、水溶性氯、有效磷、有效钾、有效硼、有效锌含量共8个指标为评价指标,采用隶属度函数对数据进行处理,并运用主成分分析法确定各土壤养分指标的权重,根据土壤适宜性指数(SFI)将全市土壤肥力分为5级(Ⅰ级:SFI≥0.70;Ⅱ级:0.55<SFI<0.70;Ⅲ级:0.40<SFI≤0.55;Ⅳ级:0.25<SFI≤0.40;Ⅴ级:SFI≤0.25),对植烟区土壤肥力适宜性进行综合评价。结果表明:①保山市植烟土壤的pH和水溶性氯离子、有效磷、有效钾含量适宜,而腾冲植烟土壤的有机质和碱解氮含量偏高,龙陵植烟土壤的有效磷、有效硼和有效锌含量偏低;②pH和有机质、碱解氮、有效磷、有效钾、有效硼含量的空间变异较小,其中隆阳和昌宁水溶性氯离子含量的空间变异较大,施甸有效锌含量的空间变异较大;③保山市烟区土壤肥力适宜性指数平均值为0.57,县市之间变幅较小,为0.51~0.62,变异系数为25.02%;④保山市土壤肥力适宜性Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ级所占比例分别为18.51%、36.42%、32.19%、11.87%、1.01%,即保山市植烟土壤的肥力适宜性等级中Ⅱ、Ⅲ级占绝大多数(68.61%),Ⅴ级所占比例很小(1.01%)。
Eight indices from 497 representative soil samples were collected to evaluate the nutrient and fertility suitability of tobacco soil in the Baoshan city, they are, pH, organic matter, alkali-hydrolyzable N, water soluble Cl, available P, available K, available B, available Zn. Member function and principal component analysis were firstly employed to process these data and define the weights of soil nutrients respectively, According to SFI , the city’s soil fertility is divided into five levels (grade I: SFI≥0.70; gradeⅡ: 0.55