China Association of Chinese Medicine organized specialists in andrology of Chinese and western medicine to explore the population and treatment stage of benign prostatic hyperplasia （BPH） with Chinese medicine as the leading therapy. Chinese medicine has great advantages in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. However, it is necessary to make clear the stage when Chinese medicine or modern medical treatment can be used as the leading therapy, and the conditions under which Chinese and western medicine can be combined to achieve the best treatment efficacy. The specialists agreed Chinese medicine as the leading therapy for the treatment of BPH in the following populations or conditions： the elderly and weak patients with basic diseases, BPH symptoms, and cannot tolerate anesthesia and surgery, the patients with BPH symptoms and cannot tolerate the adverse reactions or the possible adverse reactions of western medicine; the patients with mild ［international prostatic symptom score （IPSS） ≤ 7］ or moderate lower urinary tract symptoms （IPSS ≥ 8） and the quality of life not significantly affected, the patients with bladder detrusor hypofunction, bladder dysfunction and cannot be treated surgically, or with incomplete bladder emptying after surgical treatment; the BPH patients with prostatitis as the main clinical manifestation, the patients with non-acute complications after operation. BPH is one of the dominant diseases in urology and andrology of Chinese medicine, and the symptoms, complications, and prognosis of BPH patients need to be fully considered during the clinical treatment. When Chinese medicine is taken as the leading therapy, it is essential to regularly review the serum level of prostate-specific antigen to exclude the possibility of prostate cancer, and apply Chinese medicine for full treatment course and cycle. At the same time, Chinese and western medicine can be combined to achieve the most effective, convenient, economical, and satisfactory treatment, which can carry forward the advantages of Chinese medicine in treating this disease.