知识与财富的链接
目的了解深圳市3~ 6岁儿童家长对牙颌面畸形早期矫治的知识、信念及行为情况,为进一步有针对性地开展口腔宣教和保健工作提供理论依据,以提高早期口腔预防水平。 方法于2019年3—5月采取多阶段分层整群抽样的方法,对深圳市5所幼儿园3~ 6岁儿童家长886人进行问卷调查,采用两组独立样本Mann-Whitney秩和检验、多样本Kruskal-Wallis检验及多因素逐步回归分析的方法对问卷进行统计学分析。 结果共获得有效问卷860份,知识、信念、行为三部分的得分率分别为68.5%、68.0%、69.2%。单因素分析结果显示：家长年龄、父母角色、独生子女与否、家长学历、家长职业及家庭收入对知识得分有影响（检验值分别为17.13、3.13、2.45、91.66、38.24、11.16,P<0.05）;孩子年龄、家长年龄、父母角色、独生子女与否、家长学历、家长职业及家庭收入对信念得分有影响（检验值为11.42、17.52、3.17、3.59、74.49、25.25、43.18,P<0.05）;家长学历及家庭收入对行为得分有影响（检验值为8.12、17.25,P<0.05）;多因素逐步回归分析结果显示：家长学历、父母角色影响知识得分（P<0.05）,家长学历、父母角色、家庭收入影响信念得分（P<0.05）,家庭收入影响行为得分（P<0.05）。 结论儿童家长对牙颌面畸形早期矫治的知识、信念、行为方面存在不足,应结合人口学特征进一步有针对性地加强儿童牙颌面畸形早期矫治的口腔宣教及保健工作。
ObjectiveTo investigate the situation of knowledge,attitudes and practice of early treatment for dento-maxillofacial deformities among parents of 3-6-year-old children in Shenzhen,further to provide theoretical basis of targeted development of oral health care and education.MethodsThe questionnaire survey was conducted among 886 parents of 3-6-year-old children in 5 kindergartens from2019 March to May in Shenzhen by using multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method,The questionnaire results were analyzed by single and multiple-factor analysis methods.ResultsA total of 860 valid questionnaires were collected,the scoring rates of the knowledge,attitude and practice part were68.5%,68.0%,69.2%. Single-factor analysis showed that the parents′ age,parental role,only child or not,parent education level,parent career and family income had effects on the scores of knowledge(Test values were17.13,3.13,2.45,91.66,38.24,11.16,P<0.05). The children′ s age,the parents′ age,parental role,only child or not,parent education level,parent career and family income had effects on the scores of attitudes(Test values were11.42,17.52,3.17,3.59,74.49,25.25,43.18,P<0.05). Parenteducation level and family income had effects on the scores of practice(Test values were 8.12,17.25,P<0.05). Multiple factor stepwise regression analysis showed that parent education,parent role affected thescores of knowledge(P<0.05),parent education level,parental role and family income affected thescores of attitudes(P<0.05),family income affected the scores of practice(P<0.05).Conclusions Parents are deficient in the knowledge,attitudes and practice of early treatment for dento-maxillofacialdeformities. It is supposed to further targeted strengthen the oral health care and education of earlytreatment for dento-maxillofacial deformities combined with general demographic characteristics so as toimprove the children′s oral health.