知识与财富的链接
我国大学从诞生之日起,就肩负着国家富强和民族复兴的历史使命,大学一直在进行赋能乡村建设的积极探索。从历史视角审视,我国大学参与乡村建设先后经历了从嵌入乡村社会网络的初始定位,到助力脱贫攻坚的角色转换,至引领乡村振兴的行动转向三个演化历程。自民国时期的乡村建设运动,新中国成立初期的调整大学区域布局和专业设置,世纪之交的通过人才培养、强调科研服务,到党的十九大以后,大学全方位服务国家战略和乡村振兴,大学服务乡村建设的功能表现出了不同的时代特征。角色定位和功能特征的发展演化是基于大学推动经济增长的理论逻辑、破解乡村振兴与城镇化矛盾的现实逻辑、应对返贫威胁和共富挑战的实践逻辑、应用转型高质量发展的发展逻辑的辩证统一。大学和乡村作为国家治理中两个不同的场域,有着乡村社会共同富裕的同一发展目标,大学特别是涉农院校应从科技、人才、技术、组织、保障五个方面提升赋能本领,充分发挥其处于社会资本网络中关键节点位置的显著优势,有效赋能乡村建设,加快乡村社会共同富裕的进程,同时实现自身高质量发展。
Since their birth,China’s universities have been shouldering the historical mission of national prosperity and national rejuvenation,and have been actively exploring empowering rural construction.Viewed from a historical perspective,China’s universities’ participation in rural construction has experienced three evolutionary processes,from the initial positioning embedded in the rural social network,to the role transformation of helping alleviate poverty,to the action of leading rural revitalization.From the rural construction movement in the period of the Republic of China,the adjustment of the regional layout and professional settings of universities in the early days of the founding of the People’s Republic of China,the emphasis on scientific research services through talent training at the turn of the century,to the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,the universities’ all round service to the national strategy and rural revitalization,the universities’ function of serving rural construction has shown different characteristics of the times.The development and evolution of role orientation and functional characteristics are based on the dialectical unity of the theoretical logic of universities promoting economic growth,the practical logic of solving the contradiction between rural revitalization and urbanization,the practical logic of coping with the threat of returning to poverty and the challenge of common prosperity,and the development logic of applying transformation and high quality development. As two different fields in national governance,universities and villages have the same development goal of common prosperity.Universities,especially agricultural related colleges,should improve their empowerment skills from five aspects: science and technology,talent,technology, organization and security,give full play to their significant advantages in the key nodes of the social capital network,effectively empower rural construction,and promote the process of common prosperity of rural society in the process of self high quality development.