With the digital transformation of the food industry, the emergence of new technologies and business models has made food safety issues increasingly prominent. In a context where society is paying more attention to food safety, digital technologies have become a new and effective means for supporting early warning mechanisms for food safety risks. However, in the process of using digital technologies to assist in building food safety risk early warning mechanisms, there are numerous risks, such as infringement of corporate trade secrets, leakage of personal privacy, and algorithmic bias, due to large-scale data collection and application. It is therefore necessary to balance the public''s right to know with the protection of trade secrets, strengthen national and personal data protection measures, and establish algorithm regulation systems, in order to standardize the use of digital technologies. This will enable digital technologies to more effectively and accurately advance the construction of food safety risk early warning mechanisms, promote the orderly development of the food industry, and safeguard public health.