With the development of industrialization, the food value of wild animals is gradually decreasing. Today, however, public health events associated with the consumption of wild animals still occur frequently due to the weak health management of wild animals. Therefore, we should reconsider the scientificity and rationality of the Wild Animal Protection Law’s definition of non-national key protected animals in order to prevent foodborne safety risks caused by segmented regulation during the quarantine, purchase and sale of wild animals. At the same time, relying on the legislation system of wild animal protection, we should scientifically and reasonably define a legal boundary for the protection and utilization of non-national key protected animals. Under the concept of “one health”, we should build an efficient cooperation mechanism for wild animal protection, public health, ecological environment and food safety supervision.