知识与财富的链接
目的探讨智力残疾人的康复需求特点与康复服务发展状况及其影响因素。方法以250 654名智力残疾人省级康复需求与康复服务实名制数据为样本数据,统计分析智力残疾人的康复需求特点和康复服务发展状况,Logistic回归分析其相关因素。结果在智力残疾人的康复需求报告中,报告率从高到低依次为护理47.8%、药物37.2%、功能训练26.1%、辅助器具19.8%和手术1.3%。智力残疾人报告获得的康复服务从高到低依次为护理43.5%、药物29.3%、功能训练27.2%、辅助器具19.6%和手术0.8%。根据Logistic回归模型发现,年龄和残疾等级对智力残疾人康复需求的报告与获得康复服务的概率存在显著影响(P <0.001)。结论智力残疾人康复需求主要表现为护理、药物和康复训练。接受的康复服务与康复需求具有相同的结构。由于智力残疾人功能的复杂性,重度或极重度残疾人更强调护理照料服务,轻度残疾人则需要功能训练。发展针对智力残疾人的康复服务,应该根据其智力功能和社会适应行为特点,开发康复服务项目,提供个别化的精准康复服务。
Objective To analyze the characteristics of unmet needs and services of rehabilitation for people with intellectual disability (PIDs).Methods A total of 250 654 PIDs had been sampled and administration data of unmet needs and services of rehabilitation at provincial level had been analyzed the characteristics of unmet needs and services of rehabilitation, and the related factors of needs and services were analyzed with Logistic Regression.Results The rate of unmet needs reported by PIDs from high to low were nursing (47.8%), medicine (37.2%), functional training (26.1%), assistive devices (19.8%) and surgery (1.3%). The PIDs reported received service of rehabilitation, including nursing care (43.5%), medicine (29.3%), functional training (27.2%), assistive devices (19.6%) and surgery (0.8%). Logistic Regression Model showed that age and severity of disabilities significantly affect the reported the unmet needs and received services (P < 0.001). Conclusion PIDs reported unmet needs mainly involved in the fields of nursing care, medicine and rehabilitation training and therapy. The unmet needs and received services had similar structure. It proposed to develop rehabilitation services tailored to PIDs' intellectual function and adaptive behaviors to develop services items and to deliver individualized and precise services.
