Finite element software DEFORM V11 was used to calculate the surface integrative heat-exchange coefficient of T-shape 7N01 aluminum alloy forgings, to simulate the change rules of temperature field, stress field and deformation displacement during the quenching process of forgings, and to analyze the influence and mechanisms of temperature and heat stress on the quenching deformation of forgings. The results show that at the preliminary stage of quenching, due to the big differences in temperature gradient (the maximum temperature difference reached 225 ℃) and heat stress, the forgings generate the maximum elastic and plastic deformation at quenching time of 10 s on the side with ribbed plate, which is much bigger than that on the side without ribbed plate, and the bending curvature increases. At the middle stage of quenching, the forgings mainly generate elastic deformation, but contraction deformation is intensified on the side with thicker ribbed plate, the curvature decreases, and the forgings generate basically no further deformed at 50 s. And at the later stage of quenching, as the heat stress tends to zero, the forgings generate tiny elastic deformation due to cooling, and after the end of quenching, the forgings generate plastic bending deformation towards the ribbed plate as a whole, with greater radius of curvature than that before heating.