Objective To study the clinical effect of stapled transanal rectal resection(STARR)combined with Xiaozhiling injection in the treatment of rectal mucosal prolapse.Methods A total of 86 patients with rectal mucosal prolapse admitted to the Second Department of Anorectal,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine from June 2019 to June 2020 were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into two groups according to their surgical methods.A total of 38 cases in group A underwent STARR.A total of 48 cases in group B underwent STARR combined with Xiaozhiling injection.The total effective rate of treatment and the total incidence of complications were compared on the 15th,45th,and 90th day after the operation.Results After surgery,the total effective rate in group A (92.105%) was lower than that (97.917%) in group B at 15 days after the operation,and the difference was not significant(P>0.05).The total effective rate in group A(81.579%)was statistically significantly lower than that(95.833%)in group B 45 days after the operation(P＜0.05).The total effective rate of group A(65.789%)was statistically significantly lower than that (85.417%) of group B 90 days after the operation(P＜0.05).The total incidence of postoperative complications in group A was 23.684%,higher than that (16.667%) in group B,there was no significant difference between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion STARR combined with Xiaozhiling injection in the treatment of rectal intramucosal prolapse can effectively improve the clinical efficacy of patients.