工业污染场地风险评估与土壤修复工作需求不断加大,基于人群健康、生物、生态综合风险的分类管理是优化土壤与地下水治理修复资源配置的重要举措。构建污染场地分类管理模糊综合评价模型,确定污染特性、污染物迁移途径和污染受体3级共40项评价因子,以三角模糊数描述评价因子的隶属度,综合划分11级风险等级和风险重要性,提出风险等级和风险重要性的赋值标准,可以根据污染场地的调查资料综合评价得出场地的风险等级和风险重要性判定值,多层次风险向量分析,得到场地的综合风险判断结果,作为是否优先治理的参考依据。利用MATLAB编程建模,将评价模型应用到某农药厂工业污染场地实例,该模型具有一定的可操作性,从该模型的评判结果识别出案例场地的综合风险等级为V8高度风险,应及时开展治理修复。
The classification of contaminated sites based on human health as well as ambient biological and ecological risk evaluation has become an important tool to deal with increasing needs for risk management and remediation for soil and ground water pollution of contaminated industrial sites. We established 40 indicators of three tiers involving pollutants’ characteristics, immigration pathway and recipients, and developed an integrated fuzzy evaluation model for classification of the contaminated industrial sites by applying triangular fuzzy numbers to describing evaluation indicators. We also examined the criteria for determining risk grading and risk importance and the values of risk grading, and the risk importance could be obtained based on site investigation information. Through multi-layer risk rector analysis, a comprehensive conclusion could be drawn as a reference for prioritizing site rehabilitation action. The model built with MATABLE program was applicable in evaluating the site of a pesticide factory, and the results showed that the site was at high risk level (V8) and timely rehabilitation would be necessary.