The study aimed to investigate the application and research of cold storage technology in cold chain logistics, pointing out problems that need to be solved. This paper summarized the advantages and disadvantages of organic, inorganic and composite phase change materials, and the cold storage technology used in the pre-cooling technology and packaging. The application progress of cold storage equipment combined with cold storage plate and traditional transportation method was summarized. The energy-saving and emission-reduction characteristics of phase change energy storage technology have a widely use in cold chain logistics. Finally, the improvement of phase change material performance, the temperature-regulating packaging model and the accurate simulation of refrigerated transportation will be the research emphases of energy storage technology in cold chain logistics.