The innovative activities of employees are inevitably accompanied by the production of error risks. The psychological and behavioral tendencies of the members of the organization to determine errors determine the direction of follow up innovation activities. Combining with the Chinese context, the questionnaire survey method was used to obtain valid sample data of 231 enterprises and institutions. The empirical research was based on the perspective of error and disapproval culture and further explored the internal mechanism of error orientation affecting employees' innovative behavior. The results show that the error orientation has a positive impact on employees' innovation behavior; the innovation self efficacy plays an intermediate role in the relationship between error orientation and employee innovation behavior; the relationship between error reversal culture negative adjustment error orientation and employee innovation behavior.