Objective: To study the quality of life of the disabled in the Chengguan District of Lanzhou city, and to provide baseline data and evidence for the construction of the protection system for the disabled in the Chengguan District. Methods: Multi-stage stratified clusters were used to extract 606 registered disabled persons in Chengguan District of Lanzhou city. First, the World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale of Disabled Persons, Disability Attitude Scale and Self-Compiled Basic Situation Questionnaire were used. It was completed in the form of face-to-face interview or guided self-filling. Secondly, by fitting the influencing factors of the quality of life, a comprehensive evaluation system for the multi-dimensional quality of life of the disabled was constructed based on the structural equation model, and the comprehensive effect on the quality of life was discussed from the three aspects of the severity of disability, the quality of disability care and the attitude of disability. The comprehensive effect of disability severity, disability attitude and quality of care on the quality of life based on the structural equation model were analyzed. Results: The scores of the quality of life scale for the disabled in urban areas were (40.76±14.79), and there were significant differences in the scores of the quality of life among the disabled with different demographic characteristics (P<0.05). The total score of disability attitude of this group was (55.31±14.58), and the total score of disabled care quality (50.33±11.25). The structural equation model analysis showed that the total effects of disability attitude, disability severity and quality of care on the quality of life of disabled people in Lanzhou city were 0.36, -0.23, and 0.49, respectively. The severity of disability had an indirect effect by affecting the quality of care and disability. Conclusion: The study found that the quality of life of persons with disabilities in Chengguan District of Lanzhou city is relatively low, and influenced by their own, family and social, physical and psychological and social security systems. Therefore, the construction of the welfare and assistance system for persons with disabilities should be strengthened.