To analyze the effects of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) treatments on the reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism in Actinidia arguta stored at -0.5±0.3 ℃ for 0~60 d, the changes in the fruit physiology, ROS metabolism, and ascorbate-glutathione cycle of Actinidia arguta “Longcheng NO.2” treated with 1-MCP at 1.0 μL/L were examined. The results suggest that, at 60 d, the respiration intensity and ethylene production rate of the 1-MCP-treated fruits are 44.11 mg/(kg•h) and 2.35 μL/(kg•h), respectively. These values are 17.20% and 23.70% lower than those of the control group (CK), correspondingly. In addition, owing to the 1-MCP treatment, the increases in the levels of superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide, and malondialdehyde and the relative conductivity were alleviated, whereas the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase, and glutathione reductase were well maintained. Simultaneously, the reduced ascorbic acid, oxidized glutathione, and reduced glutathione levels were maintained at relatively high levels. In summary, 1-MCP treatments can effectively reduce the respiration intensity and ethylene production rate of Actinidia arguta as well as the production of free radicals. In this manner, the antioxidant capacity during storage is enhanced and the aging of the fruits is slowed down, maintaining the commercial value of the fruits. Hence, the findings of this study can help theoretically and technically to improve the postharvest storage and preservation technology of Actinidia arguta.