Objective: To investigate the mortality, clinical characteristics and related risk factors of death in the AIDS patient co-infected with Talaromycosis. Methods: A total of 133 AIDS patients co-infected with Talaromycosis who died from 2013 to 2021 in Guangzhou Eighth People′s Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University were enrolled and the information was analyzed retrospectively. The patients admitted in hospital were divided into two groups to compare the clinical data, which were 93 patients receiving antifungal therapy within 14 days after admission(Group A) and 40 patients died after 14 days (Group B). Results: From 2013 to 2021, a total of 18722 AIDS patients were admitted,and 1947 AIDS patients(10.4%) were co-infected with Talaromycosis. It revealed that 133 out of 1947 patients died, and the total mortality was 6.83%. The incidence of septic shock in Group A were significantly higher than those in Group B (93.5% vs 57.5%)(P<0.001). The blood bone marrow culture time, PTA, platelet count (<50×10⁹/L), albumin level (20 g/L vs 25 g/L) and etiological conversion rate in Group A were lower than those in Group B (P<0.05). While the incidence of CMV, TB, PCP, severe pneumonia, and nosocomial infection rate in Group B were higher than those in Group A. Conclusions: The incidence and mortality of AIDS patients co-infected with Talaromycosis is high. The clinical symptoms of patient died early are septic shock, low platelet count and low albumin level, having a higher probability of early death and worse basic status. Most of the pathogens turne negative in the patients die later, while the other opportunistic infections or nosocomial infections could be important causes of death.