知识与财富的链接
为了更好地理解环境和基因型对小麦阿拉伯木聚糖含量的影响,为小麦品质改良提供科学依据,采用比色法测定了美国西部51个硬质小麦品种的阿拉伯木聚糖组分含量,这些小麦品种包括冬小麦和春小麦,分别被种植在3个不同的地点.结果表明,参试冬小麦品种水溶性和总阿拉伯木聚糖含量的变异范围分别为0.39%～0.81%和3.09%～4.04%,春小麦品种这两种木聚糖含量范围分别为0.48%～0.92%和3.94%～4.70%.小麦籽粒阿拉伯木聚糖含量的变异同时受品种、环境及其互作效应的显著影响,环境效应太于品种效应.小麦品种间阿拉伯木聚糖含量的变异主要表现在水溶性组分上.就不同组分而言,基因型对水溶性阿拉伯木聚糖组分的影响相对较大,环境则分别对冬小麦水不溶性、春小麦水溶性阿拉伯木聚糖组分有较大的影响.品种间和环境间阿拉伯木聚糖含量的变异,冬小麦大于春小麦;水溶性阿拉伯木聚糖含量的遗传型方差春小麦大于冬小麦.冬、春小麦的水溶性阿拉伯木聚糖含量的广义遗传力均大于95%,通过遗传育种的方法改良小麦阿拉伯木聚糖含量是可行的.冬小麦与春小麦阿拉伯木聚糖含量的平均值之间无明显差异.
Fifty one of hard wheat cultivars released in the west part of the USA were determined for their arabinoxylan(AX) contents with a colorimetric method,which included both winter and spring wheat sets.Each type of cultivars was cultivated in three different locations,respectively.The results indicated that the water soluble AX(WS-AX) and total AX(TO-AX) content for the winter wheat set were in ranges of 0.39%~0.81% and 3.09%~4.04%,and those for the spring wheat set were in ranges of 0.48%~0.92% and 3.94%~4.70%,respectively.The arabinoxylan content in hard wheat was significantly influenced by cultivar,environment and their interaction at the same time.The variation in arabinoxylan content was primarily influenced by environment and secondarily influenced by cultivar.The variation among cultivars was mainly displayed in WS-AX content.The genotype effect was greater on water insoluble AX(WS-AX) content,while environment effect was greater on water insoluble AX(WI-AX) for the winter wheat and on WS-AX for the spring wheat,compared with other arabinoxylan fractions.The variations in arabinoxylans among the winter wheat cultivars and their growing environments were more than those among the spring wheat's;the genetic variance for the spring wheat WS-AX content,however,was more than that for the winter wheat's.The heritability in the broad sense for WS-AX content was more than 95% for two sets of cultivars,so arabinoxylan content may be improved by means of genetic breeding.There was no significant difference for averages of arabinoxylan content between the winter and spring wheat sets.
