The reactions of 3- and 4-nitrophthalimides with hydroxylamine in aqueous alcohol media were studied. A mixture of 3-amino-4-nitro- and 4-amino-5-nitrophthalimides is formed in the case of 4-nitrosubstituted derivative, whereas 3,6-dihydroxyphthalimide is unexpectedly found to be the main product of the reaction of 4-nitrosubstituted derivative. A possible mechanism of the transformation was suggested. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1250–1252, June, 1998.