Phenotypic diversity was studied using 5285 accessions Yunnan landrace rice, whi c h were catalogued in the national genebank, with 31 characters including taxonom ic characters, morphological characters and yield chatacters as base data. The r esults shown that Yunnan rice germplasm re sources have a huge of diversity, many rice phenotypes and elite germplasm. In Y unnan whole collection Japonica ratio is about 54%. The phenotypic diversity in southwest and southeast regions are the biggest. The diversity of Japonica is bigge r than that of Indica. Color rice, non waxy rice, fragrant rice distribute widely in yu nnan and their ratios are higher. The insect resistant, disease resistant and drought tolerant germplasm distribute widely also. But big grain, high tilli ng, high protein content and soft rice germplasm distribute limitedly, for exam ple, soft rice germplasm mainly in Dehong region, high protein content mainly i n Qujing and Honghe regions and so on.