知识与财富的链接
根据2000-2007年各省市生物质燃烧消耗量和排放因子,估算了中国大陆生物质燃烧所导致的NOx、SO2、CO、CO2、CH4、NMHC、PM、BC排放量,并给出了分省区、分生物质类型的排放清单.研究表明,2007年中国生物质燃烧排放的NOx、SO2、CO、CO2、CH4、NMHC、PM和BC排放量分别为109万t,17万t,5930万t,94663万t,220万t,303万t,362万t和43万t,2000-2007年均增长率分别为2.7%、3.0%、2.5%、2.6%、2.5%、2.2%、2.6%和2.6%;生物质燃烧排放的污染物在地区间的分布极不均衡,排放量较大的包括山东、河南、黑龙江、安徽、河北等省区;各类生物质燃烧对不同污染物排放量的贡献差异显著,其中秸秆和薪柴燃烧是NOx、CO、CO2、CH4、NMHC、PM和Bc排放的最主要来源,二者合计贡献了95%左右的排放量;而秸秆和薪柴对SO2的贡献率仅占74%,牲畜粪便燃烧由于排放因子相对较高而导致其对SO2的贡献率为19%.
Abstract: Based on biomass consumption data in the period of 2000-2007 and the selected emission factors, the total amounts of NOx, SO2, CO, CO2, CH4, NMHC, PM, and BC discharged from biomass burning in the Chinese mainland were evaluated. Specially, emission inventories for provinces and types of biomass were developed and discussed in detail. In 2007, the total emissions of NOx, SO2, CO, CO2, CH4, NMHC, PM, and BC were estimated to be 1.09 Mt, 0.17 Mt, 59.30 Mt, 946.63 Mt, 2.20 Mt, 3.03 Mt, 3.62 Mt, and 0.43 Mt, respectively, with an annually averaged growth rates of 2.7%, 3.0%, 2.5%, 2.6%, 2.5%, 2.2%, 2.6%, and 2.6%. Uneven allocation of air pollutants discharged from each province was observed, with larger emissions from Shandong, Henan, Heilongjiang, Anhui, and Hebei. The contribution to the amount of pollutants discharged from each kind of biomass burning was different greatly, in which straw and firewood were the main sources of NOx, CO, CO2, CH4, NMHC, PM, and BC emissions, and the combined contribution rate was about 95% of the totals. However, the combined contribution rate on SO2 emissions was only about 74%, while the share of animal waste burning on SO2 emissions was 19% due to the relatively higher emission factor.
