The effects of phenanthrene and cadmium (Cd) combined and simplex pollution on soil enzyme activities (sucrase,urease, dehydrogenase, phosphatase) and microbial community were studied by simulative experiment The results showed that there existed synergistic inhibiting effect on sucrase, urease and dehydrogenase and antagonisticinhibiting effect on phosphatase and soil microbial community under the compound pollution of phenanthrene and Cd. The order of inhibiting rate of soil microbial activity under phenanthrene and Cd combined pollution and phenanthrene simplex pollution were proved to be: actinomyces>fungi>bacteria; the order under Cd simplex pollution is fungi>bacteria>actinomyces.