This paper is a general review of the research status of Pinus Kesiya var.Iangbianensis, which naturally occurs in southwestern China with a range of latitude 21°10′24°24′N and longitude 99°05′- 102°30′E.,to summarize the information materials on the taxonomy, floristic geography, biology and ecology, utilization and genetic conservation of the species.A conclusion could be drawn that P. Kesiya var. langbianensis was floristicaly not a substitute species of Pinus Yunnanensis being geographically replaced along ecological qradient. P. Kesiya var. langbianensis is an important tree species in the natural forest, and very closely related to P.Yunnanensis and P. Kesiya in terms of the origin and distribution,therefore, it is suggested that more research should be undertaken with its morphology,genetics and population ecology.