The formation of the tectonic deformation belt in the middle and upper Yangtze valley was related to the collision between the Yangtze plate and the Huaxia plate, and the existence of four detachment layers provided materials for this deformation belt. During the formation process, the partition style folded belt was formed, which then gradually converted into the trough-like folded belt and finally formed the extrusion distortion belt at the root of the orogenic belt. In view of different controlling roles of different tectonic deformation belts, the oil and gas exploration work should be somewhat different in different areas. Areas with fairly good oil geological conditions such as the second-order anticlines in the partition style folded belt, the fairly good cap rocks in the trough-like folded belt and the places below the thrust nappe seem to be most promising exploration target areas.