This paper analyzed the main sources of water pollution which include mud, machine oil, construction waste and sewage, and introduced corresponding control measures during the construction period of Xiamen - Zhangzhou Sea-crossing bridge. At the same time, it introduced the real ways of realizing the objective of environmental protection such as program evaluation, contract management, real - time moni- toring and enhancement of environmental awareness. Finally, some suggestions on the prevention and control of water pollution in the construction period of sea-crossing bridge were proposed so as to provide reference for protecting the marine ecological environment and water resources during construction period.