知识与财富的链接
目的调查重庆主城项目区男男同性恋人群(MSM)对于艾滋病的防治知识、态度和行为情况,以分析该地区艾滋病防治工作的现状及需求。方法对MSM进行问卷调查,并定性访谈MSM、疾病预防控制中心工作人员、志愿者工作组、酒吧及浴室场所经营者。结果约80%MSM为30岁以下及未婚,一半以上为大专及以上文化,以学生、公司职员、娱乐场所服务人员为主,近1/4为双性恋。获取艾滋病防治知识的途径以电视、报刊为主,但经朋友、免费的宣传资料、网络及咨询服务获取亦占较高比例。最近6个月购买和提供男性性服务的分别占3.9%(30/772)、6.5%(50/772),17.1%(132/772)与女性发生过性行为,与男性、女性性行为每次都用安全套的分别为41.9%(271/647)、29.5%(39/132),82.0%(633/772)接受干预服务。MSM建议干预应充分尊重其隐私,要提供有吸引力的宣传材料,增加其他性病的防治知识,形式需多样生动,希望得到专业人士的宣传。志愿者要求获得更多培训和稳定的工作场所。场所经营者建议充分调动场所内干预人员积极性。结论该区MSM存在较多感染艾滋病的高危因素。目前已采取多项干预活动并取得一定效果,但需要更多尊重目标人群的隐私,改进宣传内容和形式,并充分发挥志愿者、场所经营者及场所内工作人员的积极性。
ObjectiveTo survey the knowledge, attitude and behavior about HIV/AIDS among men who have sex with men (MSM) in the main districts of Chongqing and to analyze the current status and demand on HIV/AIDS control in the districts. MethodsQuestionnaire survey was conducted among MSM, and qualitative interviews of MSM and some key informants, including the centers for disease control and prevention(CDC) staff, volunteers and the owners of bars or public bathrooms were done. ResultsAbout 80% of MSM were younger than 30 years old and were unmarried. More than half of MSM had college degree or above. Most of them were students, office staff and entertainment staff, and about 25% of them were bisexual. Television and newspapers were the main pathways to obtain knowledge on HIV/AIDS; friends, free publicity materials, internet and consulting services were also ways to obtain related knowledge. It was found that in the recent six months, 6.5%(50/772) of MSM sold and 3.9%(30/772) bought sexual services, and about 17.1%(132/772) MSM had sex with women in the recent six months. The rates of condom use among MSM when having sex with men and women at every intercourse were 41.9%(271/647) and 29.5%(39/132), respectively. And 82.0%(633/772) of them had intervention service. MSM suggested that their privacy should be fully protected during the intervention, more attractive publicity materials should be provided, and more knowledge was needed on other sex transmitted diseases; the intervention ways should be diversified; and they needed the consultation of professionals. The volunteers required more training and independent offices. The owners of entertainment argued that more efforts should be made to encourage the entertainment workers to promote intervention. ConclusionMSM in the main district of Chongqing have many high risk factors of HIV/AIDS. Though various interventions have been given and some achievement has been made, more efforts are needed to protect the privacy of MSM population and to improve the intervention. And efforts should also be made to promote the initiation of the volunteers, entertainment owners and staff.
