Printer is widely used in our daily life, and the emitted particulate matters especially nanoparticles raised great concerns. It has been demonstrated that nanoparticles can cross the blood-air barrier when entering the lung by inhalation, which has the possibility to induce oxidative damage, inflammatory reaction and genotoxicity in the body. Exposure level of emitted particles and associated toxicological effects were the foundation of health risk assessment of this kind of photocopying equipment. In this paper, we thoroughly reviewed the progress of field monitoring of the printer emission levels in workplaces, simulation test in the laboratory environment, biological sample analysis, epidemiological study and particle-related in vitro or in vivo evaluation. Furthermore, standard processes were suggested to assess the hazard risk of printers with the purpose of having a good comparability within different source studies.