Circulating tumor cells (CTC) in the blood is the tumor cells surviving in the process of tumor metastasis, which is considered to be the prerequisite to the metastasis tumor. The presence and the number of CTC is important to evaluate the tumor prognosis, monitor and evaluate the curative effect of tumor metastasis. In recent years, nanomaterials, nanostructured surface combined with microfluidic technology is widely used in CTC enrichment and detection. Now we review the latest nanotechnology progress on the enrichment and detection of CTC, hoping to provide help for the diagnosis and treatment of tumor.