知识与财富的链接
目的 了解深圳市0～7岁儿童视力、智力、听力、言语、精神、肢体等六类残疾流行现状。方法 依据《中国残疾人实用评定标准》对户籍在深圳市的全部77727名儿童采用三阶段筛查程序进行调查。结果 总现残率为5．59‰,假阴性为3．1‰,以此推算的总现残率为8．49％0,其中智力残疾最高,现残率为1．88‰,言语残疾现患率为1．88‰(含言语发育滞后),精神残疾现患率为1．59‰,肢体残疾现患率为1．56‰,听力残疾现患率为1．11‰,视力残疾最低,现患率0．37％0,随年龄增高总的残疾及听力、言语、智力残疾现患率增高,精神残疾无随年龄增加的趋势,但年龄别患病率差异有十分显著统计学意义,高峰在2～4岁,肢体残疾0～7岁现患率平稳变化不大,可疑致病因素中产前因素占45．7％。结论 深圳市六类残疾总的现患率低于1987年全国抽样调查相同年龄段水平,下降约10‰,但仍高于日本同类研究结果2倍,言语残疾、精神残疾现患率高于1987年全国调查水平,其原因有待进一步证实。
Objective To explore the prevalence of vision, mental, audibility, language, psychiatry, extremity, and influence factors in the 0-7 year olds. Methods A total number of 77 727 0-7 year old children living in Shenzhen city were tested with tree phase screening under the Chinese standard of evaluation in disabilities. Results The prevalence of all disabilities was 5. 59‰( adjusted rate was 8. 49‰ with a false negative of 3. 1‰).The prevalence of mental disease was the highesT( 1. 88‰, with adjusted rate 3. 43‰), the prevalence of language disability was 1.88‰( including retarded language development, with adjusted rate 3. 43‰).The prevalence rates of psychiatry, extremity and audibility disability were 1.59‰, 1.56‰, 1.11‰ respectively with of vision thelowest( 0. 37‰).The prevalence of all disabilities, audibility, language and mental was on the increase with age.The difference was statistically significant. Among all differenTage groups regarding psychiatric disease, the highesTfell in the 2-4 year olds.The prevalence of extremity was noTstatistically differencTamong age groups.The suspected agents of disease which occurred before or during pregnancy took up 45. 7%.Conclusion The prevalence of six kinds disabilities in Shenzhen was abouT10‰lower than tha T of the samples of the nation in 1989, buTtwo times higher than thaTof similar studies in Japan.The prevalence rates of language and psychiatric disease were higher than thaTof the nation in 1989.The causation should be further studied.
